The document includes two major contributions. The first contribution, by Ms Pradeep Bolina, provides a systematic overview of various modalities of public and private finance of technical and vocational education. The second contribution, by Mr David Atchoarena, draws conclusions from experience with various existing concepts of financing.

The document has been prepared by UNESCO-UNEVOC in co-operation with the German Foundation for International Development (DSE) and UNESCO’s International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP). It is intended to stimulate debate in Member States, and contribute to new and creative solutions to the pressing need for the effective financing of technical and vocational education.