Migration is increasing due to political and economic instability, with the Arab States experiencing a substantial rise in refugees, migrants, and internally displaced persons. In response, this study, initiated by UNESCO-UNEVOC in collaboration with UNRWA, examines the barriers to accessing Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) for migrants and refugees, while also exploring promising practices and interventions in the region that support their inclusion.

Based on an extensive literature review and interviews with key stakeholders, the study reveals that with adequate support, such as through UNESCO/UNEVOC’s capacity building pilot projects, TVET institutions can make meaningful progress in addressing inclusion challenges. However, the study emphasises the need for both state and international efforts to establish an enabling environment that supports inclusive practices. This includes removing key barriers, such as legal and financial obstacles, that hinder TVET institutions from effectively implementing inclusive practices and prevent learners from fully participating in and benefiting from TVET.