UNEVOC Connect

The educational levels covered by this review are pre-school, primary school and secondary school (ISCED 0-3). The main focus is on first- and second-generation migrants enrolled in these levels of education. Following the definition adopted by the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), “first-generation migrants” refers to those children who were born abroad and whose parents were also born abroad, while “second generation migrants” refers to those children who were themselves born inside the receiving country but whose parents were born abroad. By contrast, all children born in the receiving country who have at least one parent who was born inside the country are considered “native”.